Wishing everyone a very happy Independence Day. Let us all pull our oars and make India a great country.
JAIHIND.
The best way to predict the future is to create it.
On this day, 15 Aug ....
1784 - The first successful balloon ascent to be made in England was demonstrated by an Italian, Vincenzo Lunardi before a crowd of onlookers in London that included the Prince of Wales and other eminent statesmen. He lifted off in a brightly decorated, hydrogen balloon accompanied by a dog, a cat and a pigeon. Because of the impatience of the crowd, he left before the balloon was fully inflated, thus needing to leave behind his friend George Biggin who had planned to travel with him. Lunardi's flight covered a distance of 24 miles. (It was only in the previous year that the Montgolfier brothers made the first hot-air balloon ascent on 5 Jun 1783).
1817 - The first U.S. mill to roll and puddle iron was opened. (A puddling furnace reduces the carbon content in cast iron to produce malleable iron).
1830 - William Huskisson, a British statesman became the first railway fatality while observing the ceremonial procession of locomotives at the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester railway. He was one of the dignitaries riding in a special carriage pulled by the leading locomotive, the Northumbrian. Partway along the line, while the Northumbrian stopped to take on water, the passengers stood by the rails to observe the procession of other locomotives passing on the parallel line. Huskisson stumbled and fell in the path of the Rocket locomotive.
1857 - A U.S. patent was issued for the design of a typesetting machine invented by Timothy Alden of New York. This is the first such machine that actually operated.
1885 - A U.S. patent was issued for saccharine, the artificial sweetener discovered by Constantin Fahlberg. His invention was to mix a small quantity of this compound with a large amount of grape or starch sugar. In this form, the mixture had, he claimed, “the sweetening property of cane sugar, or saccharose, so as to be successfully used in the preparation of candies, preserves, cordials, &c.” He described mixing 2-lb of the chemical compound with 1-ton of grape sugar, by solution and evaporation. Taking advantage of the lower cost of grape sugar, this was cheaper than cane-sugar.
1918 - 1st full length cartoon (Sinking of Lusitania).
1945 - Victory over Japan Day. The Japanese surrender and the end of WWII is announced in Japan (due to time zones 14th Aug in the Americas).
1947 - India declares independence from UK, Islamic part becomes Pakistan. (The British ruled India first (1757 - 1858) through East India Company and from 1858 to 1947 through Crown or direct rule. This system of governance was instituted on 28 June 1858, when, after the failed war of independence of 1857, the rule of the British East India Company was transferred to the Crown in the person of Queen Victoria who, in 1876, was proclaimed Empress of India. The Independence Movement, that lasted 190 years, was first started in Bengal. Moderate leaders sought only their basic right to appear for Indian Civil Service examinations, as well as more rights, economic in nature. The early part of the 20th century saw a more radical approach towards political self-rule proposed by leaders such as Lal, Bal, Pal and Aurobindo Ghosh. The last stages of the self-rule struggle from the 1920s onwards saw Congress adopt Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi's policy of nonviolence and civil resistance. Activists Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and Bhagat Singh preached armed revolution to achieve self-rule. Feminists such as Sarojini Naidu and Begum Rokeya promoted the emancipation of Indian women and their participation in national politics. Babasaheb Ambedkar championed the cause of the disadvantaged sections of Indian society within the larger self-rule movement. The period of the Second World War saw the peak of the campaigns by the Quit India movement led by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Army movement led by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose).
1949 - Chandernagore joins the Indian Union.
1949 - Panchayati Raj inaugurated in 114,000 villages.
1950 - Indian Constitution goes into effect.
1955 - Satyagrah started for the freedom of Goa.
1969 - Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was formed.
1972 - Postal Index Number (PIN Code) of 6-digits was introduced.
Born....
1872 - Sri Aurobindo, philosopher.
1947 - Raakhee Gulzar, film actress.
1973 - Adnan Sami, singer.
1990 - GOI declares Prophet Mohammed's birthday a national holiday.
RIP....
1950 - 8.6 earthquake in India kills 20,000 to 30,000 in Assam.
You may have known....
It’s estimated that in the next two to three years, 25% of people entering the workforce will be Indian.
Good morning. Have a nice day.
Raj Kadyan
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