A very happy and joyous Dussehra to all.
Every person who learns to love, must bear the risk of hatred.
On this day, 22 Oct....
1764 - Battle of Buxar (Buxar is a "small fortified town" located on the bank of the Ganges river about 130 km west of Patna and then part of Bengal. The battle was fought between the forces under the command of the British East India Company led by Hector Munro and the combined army of Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Bengal: the Nawab of Awadh and the Mughal King Shah Alam II. British achieved a decisive victory against the allied Mughal, Bengal and Oudh forces).
1797 - Andre-Jacques Garnerin makes first parachute descent from a balloon, Paris. (He was a balloonist and the inventor of the frameless parachute. The first successful parachute jump was made from a balloon 2,230-ft. He rode in a gondola fixed to the lines of a 23-ft diameter parachute, which was supported by a wooden pole and had its 32 white canvas gores folded like a closed umbrella. Lacking any vent in the top of the parachute, Garnerin descended with violent oscillations, and suffered the first case of airsickness. For his next jump, he added a hole in the top of the parachute. He made his fifth jump on 21 Sep 1802 over London, from a height of 3,000-ft. This was the first parachute descent made in England. He eliminated the centre vent for this jump, he again suffered a fit of vomiting).
1879 - Thomas Edison perfects carbonised cotton filament light bulb.
1897 - World's first car dealer opens in London. (The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the modern car. In that year, German inventor Karl Benz built the Benz Patent-Motorwagen. One of the first cars that was accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company).
1938 - Chester Carlson demonstrates first Xerox copying machine. (Carlson used a sulphur coating on a zinc plate, vigorously rubbed with a handkerchief to apply an electrostatic charge. A glass slide was prepared using India ink to write "10-22-38 ASTORIA," then laid on the sulphur surface in a darkened room. After illuminating them with a bright incandescent lamp for a few seconds, the slide was removed. When lycopodium powder was sprinkled on the sulphur surface and blown off, there remained a near-perfect image of the writing. Permanent copies were made by transferring the powder images to wax paper and heating the sheets to melt the wax. Xerox is a term coming from "xerography" which means dry writing and is a trademark).
1947 - There were bound to be difficulties in consolidating the loosely federated Indian provinces, princely states, etc into one homogeneous whole state. Kashmir, after initial dithering, acceded to India voluntarily and by popular consent. Pakistani tribesmen with the support of the Pakistani government invaded Kashmir on this day.
1962 - Bakhra-Nangal Dam, a multipurpose river valley project, was dedicated to the nation by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
1964 - French philosopher/author Jean-Paul Sartre refuses Nobel prize. (He refused it, saying that he always declined official honours and that "a writer should not allow himself to be turned into an institution").
1981 - Aspartame artificial sweetener was approved for tabletop use by the US Food and Drug Administration. Its permitted uses included in candy, tablets, breakfast cereals, instant coffee and tea, gelatines, puddings, fillings, dairy-product toppings and as a flavour enhancer for chewing gum, among others. It was first approved on 26 Jul 1974, but objections caused a stay on 5 Dec 1975, and years of scrutiny followed.
1983 - The Union government reduces the upper age limit for the Civil Services Examination from 28 years to 26 years.
2008 - India launches its first unmanned lunar mission Chandrayaan-1.
Born....
1873 - Swami Ram Tirath, great social reformer and poet.
Titbits....
1979 - Walt Disney World's 100-millionth guest.
Good morning. Have a nice day.
Lt Gen Raj Kadyan
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